The Catholic Diocese of Masvingo was established on the 24^th of April 1999, when the Diocese of Gweru was sub-divided into two dioceses. The first Bishop of Masvingo, Rt. Rev. Michael D. Bhasera, took canonical possession of the diocese at its establishment and served until 2022. Since the 9^th of December 2023 the Diocese has been under the stewardship of Rt. Rev. Raymond Tapiwa Mupa, C.SS.R.

The Diocese covers an area of approximately 70,000 square kilometres in the southern part of the country, bordering South Africa and Mozambique. The larger part of the Diocese lies in the Lowveld, which falls under farming region five, with poor rainfall and hence poor crop production.